International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering (IJEISE)

Synthesis of Magnetic Composites of Chitosan-Fly Ash-Fe3O4 Nanoparticle to Improve Congo Red Dye Adsorption

Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Chitosan, an environmentally friendly adsorbent, is derived from the deacetylation of crab shell chitin. In this study, the chemical and physical properties of chitosan were enhanced through the direct compositing process of magnetic chitosan (Chi) with fly ash powder particles (FA). This research is of considerable importance in the development of environmentally friendly adsorbent materials for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with synthetic dyes, particularly azo dyes such as congo red. The utilization of crab shell waste as a source of chitosan, in conjunction with fly ash and Fe₃O₄ to form Chi-FA-Fe₃O₄ magnetic composites, has been demonstrated to exhibit considerable promise in enhancing adsorption efficiency. The magnetic composite of Chi-FA-Fe₃O₄ was characterized by XRD and SEM. The present study investigated the effect of adsorption process parameters on CR dye removal. The parameters that were investigated included contact time (30-150 minutes) and initial concentration of CR dye at an adsorbent dosage of 0.06 grams in 100 milliliters and a pH of 4. The maximum removal efficiency of the Chi-FA-Fe₃O₄ composite for CR dye was recorded as 99.82% at an initial concentration of 100 parts per million (ppm) CR dye for 150 minutes. Pursuant to the analysis of XRD, it has been confirmed that the compositing process was successfully executed, thereby yielding 2θ values indicative of Fe₃O₄ and FA. Additionally, an enhancement in the intensity of the Chi-FA-Fe₃O₄ composite was observed following the adsorption of CR dye. Concurrently, SEM analysis revealed that the Chi-FA-Fe₃O₄ composite and the Chi-FA-Fe₃O₄ composite exhibited an augmented intensity.

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Analysis Operational Vehicles Telecommunication Industry at PT. X in East Java Using OpenLCA Software and the ReCipe Midpoint H Method

Agges Brian Darmawan, Muhammad Abdus Salam Jawwad — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The telecommunications industry heavily relies on operational vehicles to support network maintenance and customer service activities. This study aims to analyze the environmental impact resulting from the emissions of operational vehicles at PT. X, focusing on the East Java operational region. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted in accordance with ISO 14040, emphasizing the vehicle use phase. Primary data includes gasoline consumption and a total distance during the 2024 operational year. The analysis was performed using OpenLCA software with the Ecoinvent 3.3 database and the ReCipe Midpoint (H) method to quantify emissions and their associated environmental impacts. Results indicate that carbon dioxide (CO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and particulate matter (PM₁₀) are the primary contributors to environmental impact categories such as climate change, marine eutrophication, particulate matter formation, photochemical oxidant formation, and terrestrial acidification. The findings provide a quantitative basis for evaluating the environmental burden of operational fleets and highlight the importance of implementing efficient fleet management, eco-driving practices, and integrated emission reduction policies as part of corporate sustainability strategies.

Analysis of the Effect of Labor Quantity on the Output Value of Micro-Industries in Indonesia Using Simple Linear Regression Method

Isna Nugraha, Nida An Khofiyah, Gilang Ramadhan, Friska Aryanti — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In the current era of globalization, rapid advancements are driving nations to compete in strengthening their economies. Companies and industrial enterprises play a vital role as economic units actively contributing to national economic activities. Economic growth is closely associated with the output value of industries, which is significantly influenced by the number of workers. This study aims to examine the effect of the number of workers in micro-industries on the output value of micro-industries in Indonesia. The research employs two variables: the independent variable (X), representing the number of micro-industry workers, and the dependent variable (Y), representing the output value of micro-industries. A simple linear regression analysis was applied to measure the extent of the relationship between these variables. The results show a regression equation of Y = 217.512,365 + 46,669X with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0,896, indicating that 89,6% of the variation in output value can be explained by the number of micro-industry workers. This suggests a strong influence of labor quantity on micro-industry output in Indonesia.

Evaluation of Compliance of Domestic Waste Management to Environmental Quality Standard At the Implementation Unit of PT PLN (Persero) East Java and Bali Transmission

Nabila Putri Dinatha, Restu Hikmah Ayu Murti — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Domestic waste management in accordance with environmental quality standards is an important part of maintaining environmental quality and supporting the sustainability of company operations. This study aims to describe the level of compliance of domestic waste management at the Transmission Unit of PT PLN (Persero) East Java and Bali to applicable environmental quality standards, especially those regulated in Government Regulations and Regulations of the Minister of Environment. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which PLN's domestic waste management practices comply with the established environmental quality standards. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach, involving field observation and review of RKL-RPL documents of the Implementing Unit of PT. PLN East Java and Bali Transmission Main Unit. Data collection includes direct observation of the domestic waste processing process, and analysis of environmental monitoring reports. Parameters such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Lead (Pb) and oil and fat are analyzed to assess compliance with applicable environmental regulations. The results of the study indicate that most domestic waste management activities have complied with the established standards, although there are still some weaknesses in the aspects of recording, monitoring wastewater quality, and the availability of supporting facilities. These findings provide a basis for recommendations for improving internal supervision and improving the company's environmental management system.

Comparative Analysis of Biomass-Based Adsorbents for Heavy Metal Ion Removal

Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the adsorption capabilities of various biomass-based adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater. This research focusses on the comparative effectiveness of chemical and steam activation methods. Steam-activated adsorbents derived from wine sector waste exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity for Pb²⁺ ions of 399 mg/g. Adsorbents derived from walnut shells and chemically activated with HNO₃ ions exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 204.08 mg/g for Cu²⁺ ions. Steam-activated spruce sawdust adsorbents achieved optimal adsorption of Fe²⁺ ions at a capacity of 329 mg/g. The adsorption capacity for Cd⁺ ions was determined to be 116 mg/g, achieved through microwave-assisted steam activation of palm kernel shell-based adsorbents. The research emphasizes the necessity of selecting appropriate activation techniques based on specific heavy metal ions and the desired adsorption properties. Additionally, there is a necessity for further investigation into the processes of pore structure development and their impact on adsorption effectiveness. The findings suggest that developing adsorbent from biomass waste represents a sustainable and effective method for reducing heavy metal contamination in industrial wastewater, thereby advancing environmental protection and resource efficiency.

Mini Review: The Efficiency of Sugar Mills in East Java Province

Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

East Java Province is recognized as one of Indonesia’s main producers of the white sugar (plantation white sugar/gula kristal putih). However, The closure of these sugar mills raises an important question about the mills efficiency. The urgency of this study lies in the need to develop a comprehensive literature review that synthesizes existing findings on the production efficiency of East Java's sugar mills. The research was conducted in April 2025, using the literature review method. The results shows that the efficiency of sugar mills in East Java Province remains below the optimal threshold, both technically and economically. This inefficiency is caused by several factors, including inconsistent sugarcane supply, outdated factory machinery, and socio-economic challenges such as price policy and the low welfare of farmers. Inefficiency has become one of the key reasons behind the closure of several sugar mills in East Java, particularly those owned by PTPN X and PTPN XI.

Feasibility Study for Investment in VSPP Solar Power Plant in Thailand Using GIS and Financial

Rachata Ratanasuwan, Naraphorn Paoprasert, Ramidayu Yousuk — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The study aims to evaluate the financial feasibility and land suitability for investment in VSPP solar plant in Thailand using Geographic Information System (GIS) and financial modeling techniques. The study analyze key parameters, including photovoltaic power output (PVOUT), land price, and distance from existing infrastructure. The methodology comprises GIS-based spatial analysis and financial performance assessment using indicators consisting of the Net Present Value (NPV), the Project Internal Rate of Return (PIRR), the Equity Internal Rate of Return (EIRR), and the simple payback period (SPB) to identify area and location for investment in VSPP solar power plant. The study areas were categorized into three groups based on the values of PVOUT - the 10% lowest PVOUT (Group 1), middle range PVOUT (45%-55%) (Group 2), and 10% highest PVOUT (Group 3). The results indicated that locations with the highest 10% PVOUT (Group 3) demonstrated the best financial performance, with an NPV of approximately 15 million THB, PIRR of 9.75%, EIRR of 11.50%, and a SPB of 9.25 years. Conversely, locations with the lowest 10% PVOUT (Group 1) were financially infeasible.